• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    ACTIVATION OF AN INTERCEPTION APPARATUS. The present invention relates to a lifting installation (1), which has a trolley (3, 4) that contains an interceptor (11), which is arranged in the trolley and is intended for braking and securing the trolley (3, 4) as needed on the guide rail (9) or on a braking rail. The interceptor (11) is connected to an arrangement for driving the interceptor (18), it being also possible for said arrangement to drive the interceptor (11). The arrangement for driving the interceptor (18) contains a driving body (20), which can be pressed, if necessary, against the lifting axis, preferably against the guide rail or the brake rail (9), in that the interceptor (11) is driven by a relative movement between the interceptor (11) and the drive body (20) pressed against the lifting axis. The drive body (20) contains, for this purpose, a curved drive surface (21), which is brought into engagement, if necessary, with the lifting axle or with the guide rail or braking rail ( 9).
    公开号:BR112013014960B1
    申请号:R112013014960-4
    申请日:2011-12-09
    公开日:2021-03-09
    发明作者:Benoit Légeret；Eric Birrer；Marcus Junig；Philipp Zimmerli
    申请人:Inventio Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    [0001] The present invention relates to an elevator installation with a safety gear and a device for driving the safety gear, and a corresponding method for driving a safety gear.
    [0002] Elevator systems are built in buildings. They essentially consist of a forklift which, by means of suspension means such as suspension cables or suspension straps, is connected to a counterweight or to a second forklift. By means of an actuator, which can be chosen to act on the suspension means, or directly on the car or counterweight, the car is moved essentially along vertical guide rails. The elevator facility is used to transport people and goods between one or more floors in the building.
    [0003] The elevator installation contains a device to fix the forklift in case of failure of the actuator or of the suspension means, or to prevent unwanted dragging or falling when it stops on the floor. For this purpose, safety gears are generally used which, if necessary, can brake the forklift on the guide rails.
    [0004] Up to the present moment, the referred safety gears have been activated by mechanical speed managers. Currently, however, electronic monitoring devices are also used, which, if necessary, can activate the braking of the device or safety gears.
    [0005] In order to be able, however, to rely on known and proven safety gears, electromechanical drive units are necessary which, when correspondingly triggered, can drive safety gears.
    [0006] As of EP0543154, said device is known. In addition, in case of need, an auxiliary calibrator brake is brought into engagement with a guide rail, and the said auxiliary calibrator brake activates an existing lever system, through which safety gears are activated. Said auxiliary calibrator brake is designed to be able to move the lever system and ground components of the safety gear, or to drive the safety gear. The necessary electromagnetic units must be dimensioned correspondingly large.
    [0007] From WO 2008/057116 a similar device is known. By this means, if necessary, a coupling body that is arranged on a safety gear is pressed against a guide rail, with which the safety gear is activated.
    [0008] From US7575099, an additional device is known. In this solution, in case of need, coupling wedges of a safety gear are driven directly by springs. The springs are pre-tensioned by an electromagnet and, if necessary, the pre-tensioned springs are released. The springs can be readjusted or re-tensioned again using a spindle driver. Said electromagnet must be dimensioned correspondingly large, since all the pre-tensioning force of a plurality of springs must be absorbed directly and maintained.
    [0009] The objective of the present invention is, therefore, to provide at least one alternative solution for the activation of a safety gear in an elevator installation by means of electrical cocking, and its integration in the elevator installation.
    [00010] Said solution, or said solutions, must be capable of being combined with conventional safety gears, and / or the same (s) must be safe.
    [00011] Additional aspects, such as the quick activation of the safety gear, the need for low energy, simple installation, device behavior in the event of a power failure or component failure, must also be taken into account.
    [00012] An elevator installation serves to transport goods and people in a building. To that end, to accommodate people and property, the elevator installation contains at least one elevator car, as well as a counterweight in general. The counterweight and the forklift are connected together by means of one or more suspension means such as, for example, a suspension cable, a suspension strap, or other suspension means. Said means of suspension are passed over a reversing pulley or drive pulley, and the counterweight and the lift truck thus move in opposite directions in the building, more precisely in an elevator shaft that is provided in the building. In order to prevent the car, and in some cases also the counterweight, from falling, or also to prevent other erroneous behavior of the said moving bodies - "movable body" being understood hereinafter to mean either the forklift or the counterweight - at least the car lift, and in some cases also the counterweight, is equipped with a safety gear. The movable body in general contains two safety gears, each of which is assigned to a guide rail. The guide rails - usually two guide rails - guide the movable body along the elevator shaft, and contain a strip on which the safety gear can engage for the purpose of braking. The actuation of the safety gear is carried out, for example, by raising a coupling wedge, a coupling roller, or a coupling cam, or positioning one or more of the latter in a coupled position. Said embodiment of a conventional safety gear is, for example, an eccentric safety gear. Here, to initiate the braking or coupling operation, the coupling element in the form of an eccentric must be rotated so that it comes into contact with the guide rail, which then grips and thereby can generate a gripping force and braking.
    [00013] The solution provides for a device to drive the safety gear that is arranged in the movable body and connected to a safety gear that drives the safety gear, or raises the hitch wedge or hitch roller, or rotates the element to the engaged position. To that end, the device for driving the safety gear contains at least one coupling body, which is pivotally mounted on the movable body. If necessary, the coupling body is pressed against the elevator shaft, or preferably against the guide rail or the brake rail. By means of a relative movement between the pressed coupling body and the safety gear, the safety gear is actuated. The relative movement appears through the coupling body, which is pressed against the elevator shaft, or guide rails or braking rail respectively, being held tightly at the point of contact with the rail, and the movable body, which continues to move with the safety gear, thereby continuing to move with respect to that point. The coupling body advantageously contains a curved coupling surface and is pivotally arranged on a pivot axis in the device to drive the safety gear. In said embodiment, the preferably curved coupling surface can now rotate the coupling body and thereby raise the coupling wedge, or the coupling roller, or coupling element to the engaged position. For this purpose, the coupling body is connected to the coupling wedge, coupling roller, or coupling element by means of a connection bar.
    [00014] The device for driving the safety gear is preferably arranged directly adjacent to, and above or below, the safety gear in a separate housing.
    [00015] With the said device to activate the safety gear, the safety gear can be activated quickly and safely. The coupling body can be operated independently of the safety gear, and can be connected to existing safety gears via the connection bar. Also, the rotating shaft or pivot can be easily mounted on, or integrated into a housing of the device to drive the safety gear.
    [00016] Alternatively, the rotating shaft or pivot can also be integrated into a safety gear housing.
    [00017] In an alternative embodiment, the curve-shaped coupling surface is incorporated in such a way that a pressure force of the coupling body in the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively, increases over the range of rotate the coupling body. The curved mode of the coupler surface makes it possible that, with a relatively low pressure force, the rotation can be initiated, and that on the angle of rotation the pressure force increases, and thus the force that is available to drive the gear security also increases.
    [00018] In an alternative embodiment, the movable body, which is arranged to be movable along at least two guide rails or braking rails, is equipped with at least two safety gears. Of these, the first safety gear interacts with a first guide rail or braking rail, and the second safety gear interacts with the second guide rail or braking rail. Each of the safety gears is connected to a respective device to activate the safety gear, by which it can be activated if necessary. In a preferred embodiment, the two rotary axes of the two coupling bodies are coupled together, that is, for example, by means of a connection axis. The two coupling bodies are thus rotated together. The two devices for driving the safety gear are thus coupled together in such a way that both devices for driving the safety gear, and thus both safety gears, are driven essentially synchronously. Non-symmetrical actuation of the safety gears is avoided here.
    [00019] In an alternative embodiment, each of the devices to drive the safety gear is designed in such a way that each one can drive the safety gear that is coupled by means of the rotating axis of the coupling body. The safety of the elevator installation is thereby increased. The two devices for driving the safety gear can be cocked together, and thereby actuate the associated safety gear. In the event, for example, of failure of one of the two devices to drive the safety gear, the remaining device alone is largely capable of driving both safety gears.
    [00020] In an alternative embodiment, the curved coupling surface of the coupling body is connected to a safety gear by means of a free-moving device. By means of a first area of relative movement between the coupling body, which is pressed against the elevator shaft, or preferably against the guide rail or braking machine, and the safety gear, only the coupling body is rotated , with the result that the pressure force of the coupling body in the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively, is increased. Only through the second area of movement relative to the safety gear is it then activated. This in turn allows the pressure force in the first working step of the drive operation to be kept small, since only the coupling body itself needs to be rotated. Over said first area, due to the correspondingly formed curve-shaped coupling surface, the pressure force increases, and then correspondingly, in the second area of relative motion, an increased driving force is available for the drive of the safety gear.
    [00021] In an alternative embodiment, by means of a pressure spring, preferably by means of a compression spring, the coupling body is pressed against the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively, and by means of of an electromagnet can be kept in a ready position. Said modality is particularly safe. In the event of failure to cock, or loss of energy, the electromagnet inevitably de-energizes and the pressure spring and presses on the coupling body. Preferably, the electromagnets of the two devices for driving the safety gear are connected together in series. This additionally ensures that the triggering of the safety gears arranged on both sides of the movable body occurs synchronously. Alternatively, the electromagnet can also only release a feeder device so that the coupling body is maintained, for example, by a spring, at a distance from the elevator shaft, or from the guide rail or brake rail respectively. .
    [00022] In an alternative embodiment, the coupling body contains a moving part and a fixed coupling part. The movable coupling part is thus via the pressure spring pressed against the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively, and the electromagnet can retain the movable coupling part in the ready position. The movable coupling part is thus advantageously guided in the fixed coupling part. The movable coupling part can be incorporated small and with low mass. The response time can thus be kept short. The movable coupling part creates the first frictional contact with the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively. After a small turning motion, the frictional contact of the movable coupling part transfers to the fixed coupling part, which, from said movement, ensures the additional turning motion. The coupler surface of the coupling body is formed together by the movable and fixed coupling parts. Said surface of the coupler is preferably non-slip, for example, with an embossed, curled, otherwise structured surface.
    [00023] Preferably, the electromagnet, which in said mode maintains the movable coupling part in the ready position, is arranged in the area of the rotating axis of the coupling body, or possibly directly on the connection axis of the two devices to drive the gear of safety.
    [00024] In an alternative modality, the electromagnet is integrated into an electromechanical feeder device. Said electromechanical feeding device is, for example, arranged in the area of the rotating axis, preferably directly on the connecting axis, of the coupling body.
    [00025] Each connecting shaft consists of a connecting element, which is assigned to the respective first and second devices for activating the safety gear, and a connecting element, preferably a connecting tube, which connects the two connecting elements. connection. The length of the connecting element is adapted to the width of the movable body, or at a distance from the two devices to activate the safety gear. The electromechanical feeder device is now, for example, integrated in, or in areas of, the connecting element. In this way, for each device to drive the safety gear, the respective separate feeder device is provided, but which can - as already explained - in case of need also take with you, via the connection axis, the second device to drive the safety gear.
    [00026] In one example, the feeder device consists of the electromagnet in the form of a lifting magnet, which is arranged in alignment of the connection element and which, in normal operation, maintains an armature pin against the force of a spring. armor. The armature pin is provided with a tapered, wedge-shaped pressure point. Immediately the electromagnet is devoid of current, the armature spring pushes the armature pin away and, through the inclination of the wedge or conical pressure point, a guide pin is pushed away. Said guide pin is a component part of the movable coupling part of the coupling body, and / or is connected to the latter. In normal operation, said guide pin is maintained with a guide spring in the ready position, then at a distance from the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively, and in a state without current from the electromagnet by means of from the inclination of the wedge, the armature pin pushes the guide pin, together with the movable coupling part, against the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively.
    [00027] In a self-evident way, to check the correct response of the device to activate the safety gear, the working positions can be monitored by keys.
    [00028] The aforementioned shape of the feeding device allows a space-saving construction, and an electromagnetic holding force can be chosen to be small. Additionally, the arrangement of the feeder device on the connection axis is advantageous since, when the coupling body is rotated, the center of the connection axis axis does not undergo any displacement and, within the connection axis, the electromagnet is protected against dust. , dirt, and metal that has suffered abrasion such as corrosion dust.
    [00029] In an alternative embodiment, the device for driving the safety gear additionally contains a back pressure roller, which is arranged on the surface of the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively, which is opposite the body coupling and that guarantees the position of the device to activate the safety gears in relation to the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively. The device for driving the safety gear is advantageously constructed in the housing of the device for driving the safety gear. Said housing can be used to attach to the movable body, as well as to attach to the safety gear. With the back pressure roller that is arranged in the housing, the surface of the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively, on which the device for activating the safety gear engages, is released. Additionally, in a further development of the solution, a speed sensor can be built on the said counter-pressure roller, which measures the speed of movement of the elevator and, at a critical movement speed being exceeded, automatically immediately triggers the device to drive the gear safety gear, and thus the safety gear. In addition, the second device for driving the safety gear can also be equipped with a speed sensor back pressure roller. Redundant speed monitoring can thus be performed.
    [00030] In an alternative mode, in case the moving body comes to a stop, the device to activate the safety gear is activated. This means that, when stopped at stop, the electromagnet or an equivalent driver releases the coupling body, with which the latter is pressed against the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively. Since the movable body moves in a free-rotating area of the device to activate the safety gear, the safety gear is not yet activated, and the device to activate the safety gear can be readjusted by switching it on again. . If, however, the movable body moves away from the landing in a relatively large amount, or moves away in an uncontrolled way, the coupling body, which is against the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail respectively, activates the safety gear. Good protection against unintentional sliding away from the moving body is thus obtained.
    [00031] In an alternative embodiment of an elevator installation, the movable body, or especially the elevator car, contains an electronic safety device, or is connected to the latter. The electronic safety device can detect a deviation in the movement speed from a reference speed and, if necessary, triggers the device to drive the safety gear, and thus the safety gear.
    [00032] Alternatively or in a complementary way, the mobile body, or especially the forklift, contains a monitoring device, or is connected to the latter. The monitoring device, for example, in the event of a forklift standstill, is activated, and can detect an unexpected possible shift away from the forklift from the standstill, and can, if necessary, trigger the device to actuate the safety gear, and thereby also trigger the safety gear.
    [00033] In an alternative embodiment of an elevator installation, an additional movable body, for example, a counterweight, contains an additional device for activating the safety gear as already explained. In one embodiment, said additional movable body preferably contains a speed sensor which is built into the back pressure roller, as already explained, and contains an energy supply with energy storage that is generated, for example, by means of a roll generator below. Said device can then perform the attachment of said additional movable body, without additional electrical connections being necessary. A status signal can be transmitted wirelessly via a radio connection.
    [00034] It is clear that, alternatively, a mobile cable or compensation cable can be used between the moving bodies, in general between the car and the counterweight, to transmit the necessary signals and energy. In this case, if necessary, the speed and safety information can of course be processed in one of the mobile bodies, and then transmitted to the other mobile body.
    [00035] In an advantageous mode of elevator installation, the safety gear is an eccentric safety gear. Such an eccentric safety gear is known, for example, from the description DE2139056. The device for driving the safety gear can be connected to the eccentric of the eccentric safety gear by means of the connection bar, by means of which a direct drive of a safety gear of this type is guaranteed. Of course, the necessary dimensions of the device to drive the safety gear must be adapted to the needs of the safety gear. If the safety gear is incorporated for actuation in both directions of movement, if necessary, the device for activating the safety gear can be designed for actuation on both sides.
    [00036] In an alternative embodiment, the device to activate the safety gear is supplied with electrical energy from an energy storage. That is, for example, a rechargeable battery. Energy storage prevents, for example, an unwanted activation of the device to activate the safety gear in the event of a power failure in the building. The movable body can thus first be brought to a standstill by normal braking means. Of course, in case of need, said energy storage can also supply other functional groups with emergency electrical energy.
    [00037] In a variant mode, a pair of safety gears with associated devices to activate the safety gear are arranged in the car. The devices for driving the safety gear are connected together via the connecting shaft, and both devices for driving the safety gear are provided with an electromechanical feeder device. The devices for driving the safety gear, or the electromechanical feeder device, are triggered by the safety device. For example, the safety device triggers the electromagnets of the electromechanical feeder device directly or by means of corresponding brake control devices. Electromagnets are preferably, as already described above, connected in series.
    [00038] The electronic manager may, for example, be a speed monitoring device as used in WO03004397, it may contain separate speed sensors or systems for determining speed, or it may be a monitoring device, which evaluates the rotational speed of the rollers in the carriage that moves along the guide rails, or it can be a safety monitoring system as presented in EP1602610. The safety device is advantageously equipped with electrical energy stores such as batteries, accumulators, or capacitor batteries. With the help of these energy stores, in the event of a power failure in the building, the safety device is kept active for a predefined time. If necessary, the said energy accumulators can be combined for various functional groups. Of course, instead of a pair of safety gears, a plurality of pairs of safety gears with, in each case, respective associated devices for driving the safety gear, can be mounted on the car.
    [00039] In another variant configuration, the counterweight is equipped with safety gears which, only in the case of a lost suspension force, are activated by means of a loose cable monitor or loose cable trigger. In this case, the safety gear on the counterweight is only activated in the loss of the suspension force on the counterweight, which is the case, for example, of failure of the suspension means. In order to avoid inadvertent triggering caused, for example, by cable oscillations, the loose cable monitor is provided with a damping element, such as a pneumatic damper. An advantage of this type of triggering of the safety gear is that no electrical connection of the counterweight to the elevator installation is necessary, and that the counterweight is, however, effectively prevented from falling. The possible incorrect triggering of the safety gear in the counterweight can be monitored in the car or in the actuator since, in the triggering of said safety gear, a sudden strong load change in the drive, or in the suspension means, results.
    [00040] The idea of the present invention is now explained below in relation to an example and by reference to the figures.
    [00041] The following are shown: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of an elevator installation in a side view; Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view of the elevator installation in cross section; Figure 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of a total system; Figure 4 is a device for driving the safety gear together with the safety gear mounted in the ready position; Figure 5 is a perspective view of the device of Figure 4; Figure 6 is the device of Figure 4 in a first actuation position; Figure 7 is the device of Figure 4 in a second actuation position; Figure 8 is the device of Figure 4 in a braking position; Figure 9a is an electromechanical feeder device in a ready position; Figure 9b is the electromechanical feeder device of Figure 9a in the first drive position; Figure 10 is a switch arrangement for connecting the device to drive the safety gear; Figure 11 is a diagrammatic view of an elevator installation with a safety gear in the counterweight.
    [00042] In the figures, the same reference numbers and letters are used for parts that work identically in all figures.
    [00043] Figure 1 shows an overview of an elevator installation 1. The elevator installation 1 is built in an elevator shaft 2 of a building, and serves to transport people or goods within the building. The elevator installation contains a elevator car 3, which can move up and down along guide rails 9. The elevator car 3 is guided by guide shoes 10 along the guide rails 9. The elevator car 3 it is accessible from the building through doors. A driver 6 serves to drive and maintain the forklift 3. The driver 6 is generally arranged in the upper area of the building, and the forklift 3 hangs on the driver 6 by means of suspension means 5, for example, suspension cables or suspension straps. The suspension means 5 are passed over the actuator 6 and in addition to a counterweight 4. The counterweight compensates for part of the mass of the forklift 3 so that the driver 6 must essentially just compensate, or trigger and maintain, an imbalance between the forklift 3 and the counterweight 4. The counterweight 4 is also guided by guide shoes 10 along the guide rails 9. The guide shoe 10 for the forklift 3 and the counterweight 4 are generally selected according to the expected guide forces . So-called slide guides or roller guides can be used. The actuator 6 is arranged, for example, in the upper area of the elevator shaft 2. It can of course also be arranged elsewhere in the building, or in the area of the car 2, or the counterweight 3.
    [00044] As also shown in figure 3, the elevator installation 1 is controlled by an elevator control 7. To that end, said elevator control 7 mainly controls the driver 6, and also contains security elements that monitor the movements of the forklift in relation to its surroundings - for example, the state of closing the doors. The elevator control 7 is connected via a mobile cable 8 to the elevator car 3. Through the mobile cable 8, electrical energy and control signals are transmitted. Of course, instead of a mobile cable, wireless systems, for example, with wireless signal transmission and current tracks with sliding contacts, can be used for the transmission of energy.
    [00045] The forklift 3 is equipped with a safety gear 11 that is suitable for fixing and / or decelerating the forklift 3 in the event of an unexpected movement, super speed, or in a stop. In the example, the safety gear 11 is arranged under the forklift 3. The safety gear 11 is electrically controlled and, to that end, is connected to a device for driving the safety gear 18. Provided to control said device for driving the safety gear 18 is a safety device 41 and optionally a monitoring device 42. Safety device 41 is connected to sensors. Said sensor is, for example, a speed sensor 40. The speed sensor 40 can be a tachogenerator or a n incremental pulse generator which, for example, is integrated in one or more guide rollers or also in pulleys of return. Position transducers or acceleration sensors can also be used, from which a momentary movement speed can be determined. From these signs, the safety device 41 determines the safety status of the elevator installation, and accordingly triggers the device to drive the safety gear 18. Preferably arranged in the area of the safety device 41 is also a storage of energy 46, for example, an accumulator in the form of supercapacitors. This makes it possible in the present elevator installation to dispense with a mechanical speed manager as it is normally used. The monitoring device 42 monitors, for example, the forklift at standstill, when the forklift is stationary on a floor for the purpose of loading or unloading.
    [00046] Figure 2 shows a plan view of the elevator installation of figure 1. In the example, the carriage 3 and the counterweight 4 are each guided with a pair of guide rails 9, and the carriage contains a pair of safety gears 11, the first safety gear 11.1 acting on one of the guide rails 9, and the second safety gear 11.2 acting on the other of the guide rails 9.
    [00047] Of course, each of the 11.1, 11.2 safety gears has a device assigned to drive the safety gear 18.1, 18.2.
    [00048] Both devices for driving safety gear 18, 18.1, 18.2, and the corresponding safety gears 11, 11.1, 11.2 that are to be controlled, are functionally identical. They may differ because they are constructed as mirror images. In the following explanations of the device for driving the safety gear, although reference is made to only one of the devices for driving the safety gear 18, this always includes the left device as well as the right device for driving the safety gear 18.1, 18.2 . In the example according to figures 4 to 8, said device for driving the safety gear is advantageously constructed directly together with the safety gear 11. The safety gear 11 that is used in the example is a known eccentric safety gear. It contains a brake shoe 15 which, if necessary, is presented by a cam 14 to the braking surface of the guide rail 9. For this purpose, the cam is moved or rotated by the connection bar 17. By means of of an opposite brake liner 16, a counter-force is then developed. The device for driving the safety gear 18 is arranged above the safety gear 11 and, through the connection bar, can drive the safety gear. The device for driving the safety gear 18 is advantageously integrated in a housing 19. A back pressure roller 37 which is built in the housing 19 guides the housing 19, and thus the device for driving the safety gear 18, precisely positioned along the guide rail 9. The back pressure roller 37 is generally recessed. Alternatively, it can also directly contain the speed sensor 40 (not shown in those figures). Located on the device for driving the safety gear 18 is the coupling body 20. The coupling body 20 is pivotally mounted with respect to the rotating shaft 22. As can be seen in figure 5, the rotating shaft 22 can be connected by means of a connecting shaft 23 to the device opposite to actuate the safety gear 18.1, 18.2 (see figures 3, 11), so that the two devices to actuate the safety gear 18.1, 18.2 move mutually synchronously. By means of a lock or spring mechanism, the rotating shaft 22, or the coupling body 20 respectively, is maintained in the ready position shown in figure 4. In said ready position, between the coupling body 20, or the surface of the coupler 21 of the coupling body 20 respectively, and the guide rail 9, an air gap is present. This allows the forklift, on which said device for the purpose of driving the safety gear 18 is mounted, to be moved without hindrance. Corresponding to the ready position of the device for driving the safety gear 18, the safety gear 11 is also in its ready position, that is, brake shoe 15, eccentric 14, and opposite the brake liner 16, exhibits an air space to the guide rail 9.
    [00049] Also provided on the rotating shaft 22 is a control arm 27. The control arm 27 is movable with respect to the coupling body 20. By using a safety gear that is operable on both sides, as shown in the example , is kept in a normal position - in the example, horizontal. Said retainer can be incorporated, for example, by a ball-shaped bolt, or magnetically, or by means of springs. Arranged in the coupling body 20 are coupling devices 28. When rotating the coupling body 20, the control arm 27 is kept in the normal position until the coupling device 28 takes the control arm 27 with it (see figure 7) and thereby rotate the rotary axis 22.
    [00050] With respect to the rotary axis 22, the surface of the coupler 21 of the coupling body 20 is incorporated in such a way that the distance from the surface of the coupler 21 to the rotary axis 22, depending on an angle of rotation resulting from the turning of the coupling body 20, increases.
    [00051] In the example, the coupling body 20 is incorporated in two parts. It contains the fixed coupling part 20.1, which forms the main body of the coupling body 20. The fixed coupling part 20.1 contains the coupling device 28, which, when rotated sufficiently, carries the control arm 27 with it. Embedded in the fixed coupling part 20.1 is the mobile coupling part 20.2. In the ready position, as shown in figures 4 and 5, the mobile coupling part 20.2 is kept retracted in the fixed coupling part 20.1. An associated feeder device 43 is explained with reference to figures 9a and 9b.
    [00052] If the device for driving the safety gear 18 is now triggered, for example, by the safety device 41 or the monitoring device 42 (figures 1, 3, or 11), the mobile coupling part 20.2 is presented to the guide rail 9 as in figure 6. As long as the movable body, or the device for driving the safety gear 18, remains stationary with respect to the guide rail 9, the safety gear 11 remains not driven. The movable coupling part 20.2 itself can thus be retracted to the ready position again. This is useful, for example, when using the device to activate the safety gear to secure the forklift at a stop, or also during a relatively long power outage. Although an energy storage can keep the mobile coupling part 20.2 in the ready position for a predefined time, for energy saving reasons or other reasons, the mobile coupling part 20.2 can be presented to the guide rail 9. In the case of installation lift being switched on again, only the movable coupling part can be moved to the ready position again, and the system is once again ready for operation. In particular, of course, with the aim of saving energy also during a relatively short stop on the ground floor or on the floor - when, for example, no motion command is pending - the mobile coupling part 20.2 can be presented to the guide rail 9. As soon as a motion command is pending, the movable coupling part can simply be moved back to the ready position.
    [00053] However, as soon as the movable body or the device for driving the safety gear 18, as shown in figure 7, moves additionally with respect to the guide rail 9, the coupling body 20 is rotated on the rotating shaft 22 by the coupler surface 21 which is determined by the movable coupling part 20.2 and the fixed coupling part 20.1. However, as long as the coupling device 28 of the free-motion device 26 has not reached the control arm 27, the control arm 27 remains in its resting position. The safety gear 11 itself remains unmoved. Since only the coupling body 20 needs to be moved over this movement distance, the pressure force can be kept relatively small. By means of a curve of the surface of the coupler 21, said pressure force can be slowly increased so that, after the free movement of the free movement device 26 is executed, sufficient pressure, and thus the coupling, force is available for the activation of the safety gear 11.
    [00054] However, if the movable body or the device for driving the safety gear 18, as shown in figure 8, now continues to move in relation to the guide rail 9, the coupling body 20 is additionally rotated on the rotating axis 22 by the surface of the coupler 21 which is determined by the movable coupling part 20.2 and the fixed coupling part 20.1. The coupling device 28 of the free movement device 26 now grips the control arm 27 with it and thereby activates the safety gear 11 by means of the connection bar 17, or turns the cam 14 in frictional contact with the rail -guide 9, and thereby generates a braking force by means of the brake shoe 15 and the opposite brake liner 16. The movable body of the elevator or forklift installation can thus be brought to a standstill safely.
    [00055] Of course, by means of the connection bar 17 and a possible arrangement of levers or joints, also safety gears with coupling wedges or coupling rollers can be used or actuated. In the case of said safety gears, instead of the eccentric, a wedge or roller can be correspondingly elevated.
    [00056] As mentioned, in the example of figure 5, the feeding device 43 is incorporated as a component of the connecting shaft 23. In figures 9a and 9b, the function of said feeding device 43 is specifically explained. The figures show a horizontal cross section through the connection axis 23, which, in the end area, preferably in both end areas, contains said feeder device 43. In figure 9a, between the braking surface of the guide rail 9 and the coupling body 20, is an air space. This corresponds to the ready position of the device for driving the safety gear as explained and shown in figure 4. The fixed coupling part 20.1 is arranged on the connecting element 23.1 of the connecting shaft 23. In said fixed coupling part 20.1, the fixed coupling part 20.1 movable coupling 20.2 is maintained by means of a guide pin 35. The guide spring 36, preferably as shown by the compression spring, presses through the guide pin 35 the movable coupling part 20.2 of the withdrawal guide rail, or pull it to the fixed coupling part 20.1. Arranged in the center of the connecting element 23.1 of the connecting shaft 23 is an electromagnet 29, which can attract an armature pin 32. In the non-current state of electromagnet 29, the armature pin 32 is pressed by an armature spring 34 in an operational position and, in the current state of the electromagnet 29, is held against the armature spring 34 in the ready position. If, as shown in figure 9b, the armature pin 32 is pressed by the armature spring 34 to the operational position, through its conical modality, the point 33 presses against the guide pin 35, and consequently the movable coupling part 20.2 against the guide rail 9. Consequently the armature spring 34 acts as a pressure spring 34, which presses the movable coupling part 20.2 against the guide rail 9. The pressure force against the guide rail 9 is this generated mode, and the coupling body 20 can be rotated or actuated as previously described.
    [00057] When switching electromagnet 29 on and off, the movable coupling part 20.2 of the coupling body 20 can be actuated, or moved, between the ready position and the operational position. In the example, the current state of electromagnet 29 corresponds to the ready position. Since, in the first step of driving the safety gear 11, only the coupling body 20 must be moved, an associated pressure force can be selected to be small. This means that correspondingly a smaller electromagnet can be chosen, with which the energy consumption can also be kept small.
    [00058] Of course, in principle, the aforementioned operational principle can also be used in reverse, through an energized electromagnet pressing against the mobile coupling part 20.2 and the armature spring keeping the coupling part in the ready state. Although this requires less energy, it does require the supply of electricity at all times.
    [00059] When the coupling body 20 is rotated on the connection shaft 23 or on the connection element 23.1 of the connection shaft 23 respectively according to the free movement of the free movement device 26 (see figures 4 to 8), the arm control wheel 27 is rotated together with the connection axis 23, whereby an actuation of the inevitably synchronous devices to drive the safety gear 18, or the associated safety gears 11, occurs.
    [00060] Since, advantageously, a feeder device 43 is constructed in both end areas of the connection shaft 23, also in the event of a failure of one of the feeder devices 43, both safety gears can still be activated synchronously . As shown diagrammatically in figure 10, advantageously the two electromagnets 29 of the two feeder devices 43 are connected in series to the safety device 41. Hereby, for example, in the event of a defect in an electromagnet wire winding, the second electromagnet that is connected in series is also immediately interrupted.
    [00061] Obviously, the feeder device, or an operational position of the device to activate the safety gear respectively, can be monitored by means of electrical switches or sensors. The referred keys or sensors are not shown in the figures, they are arranged by the technician according to the need.
    [00062] Shown in figure 11 is a modality of the safety concept of an elevator installation 1 which is complementary or alternative to figures 1 to 3. Here, the elevator car 3 with safety gears 11 and associated devices for driving the gear safety device 18, with corresponding control devices such as safety device 41 and / or monitoring device 42, is equipped with speed sensors 40 and possible energy storage 46, as previously described. In the above example, counterweight 4 is equipped with an essentially known safety gear 11g, which is driven by the loose cable trigger 38. This means that when the suspension force falls below a pre-set value for a period time, the 11g safety gear is activated. If, for example, the suspension means 5 in the elevator installation brakes, the safety gear 11 of the elevator car 3 would be activated by means of the corresponding control devices, and the elevator car 3 would be braked safely. Due to the suspension force now suddenly absent in the suspension means, the loose cable trigger 38 would now activate the safety gear 11g of the counterweight, and secure the counterweight 4 against falling. By means of a cocking retarder or damping device 39 on the loose cable trigger 38, it is ensured that a momentary oscillating effect on the loose cable trigger 38 does not trigger the safety gear 11g.
    [00063] Of course, the counterweight 4 can also be provided with a device to drive the safety gear 18 as explained in the previous descriptions, the triggering of the latter can take place through a separate control device, or through control and connections of power by means of mobile cables, compensation cables, or the like.
    [00064] The arrangements shown can be adapted to the elevator installation by those skilled in the art. The brakes can be mounted above or below the car 3. Also the plurality of pairs of brakes can be used in a car 3. Of course, the brake device can also be used in an elevator installation with the plurality of cars, each of the cars then having at least one said brake device. If necessary, the brake device can also be mounted on counterweight 4, or it can be mounted on a self-propelled car.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Installation of an elevator with at least one movable body (3, 4), which is arranged capable of traveling along a guide rail (9) in an elevator shaft (2), comprising a safety gear ( 11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g) which is arranged on the movable body (3, 4) and which is provided to brake and retain the movable body (3, 4) on the guide rail (9), or on a rail of braking, if necessary, and a device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2), which is arranged on the movable body (3, 4) and connected to the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g ), and the device for driving the safety gear contains at least one coupling body (20) which, if necessary, can be pressed against the elevator shaft, preferably against the guide rail or the brake rail ( 9), the actuation of the safety gear being effected by the relative movement between the pressed coupling body (20) and the safety gear, carac characterized by the fact that the coupling body (20) contains the surface of the preferably curved coupler (21), which is rotatably arranged on a rotary axis (22) in the device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2).
    [0002]
    2. Elevator installation according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the coupling surface preferably in the form of a curve (21) is incorporated in such a way that the pressure force of the coupling body (20) in the shaft elevator, or guide rail or braking rail (9) respectively, increases over a swivel range of the coupling body (20).
    [0003]
    3. Elevator installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the movable body (3, 4) is arranged capable of traveling along at least two guide rails or braking rails (9), and, in each case, at least two safety gears (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g) are arranged in the movable body (3, 4) in such a way that the first safety gear (11, 11.1) interacts with a first rail -braking rail or guide (9) and is operable through the first device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1), and the second safety gear (11, 11.2) interacts with the second guide rail or rail braking (9), and it is operable through the second device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.2), and additionally the rotating shaft (22) of the coupling body couples the two devices to activate the safety gear ( 18, 18.1, 18.2) together in such a way that both devices for driving the safety, and thus both safety gears, can be activated synchronously.
    [0004]
    4. Elevator installation, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that each of the devices to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) is designed in such a way that it can actuate the safety gears in isolation which are coupled by means of the rotating axis (22) of the coupling body (20).
    [0005]
    Elevator installation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the preferably curved surface of the coupler (21) of the coupling body (20) is connected by means of a freely moving device (26 ) to the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g) such that, over the first relative movement range between the pressed coupling body (20) and the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g), the pressure force of the coupling body (20) against the elevator shaft, or the guide rail or brake rail (9) respectively, is increased, and on the second relative movement range, the safety device is activated.
    [0006]
    An elevator installation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coupling body (20), by means of the pressure spring (24, 34), can be pressed against the elevator shaft , or against the guide rail or braking rail (9) respectively, and can be held in a ready position by means of an electromagnet (29), and the electromagnet (29) is preferably supplied with energy by means of a energy storage (46).
    [0007]
    Elevator installation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the coupling body (20) contains a movable coupling part (20.2) and a fixed one (20.1), being that, by means of of the pressure spring (24, 34), the movable coupling part (20.2) can be pressed on the guide rail or braking rail (9), and the electromagnet (29) can keep the coupling part movable (20.2) in the ready position, or the electromagnet (29) keeps the pressure spring (24, 34) pressed back in such a way that the movable coupling part (20.2) is not pressed against the elevator shaft or the guide rail or braking rail (9) respectively.
    [0008]
    Elevator installation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) can drive the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g), preferably an eccentric safety gear, in one of the travel directions, the device for activating the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) can actuating the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g), preferably an eccentric safety gear, in both directions of travel.
    [0009]
    Elevator installation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) additionally contains the back pressure roller (37), which is arranged on the surface of the elevator shaft, or guide rail or braking rail (9) respectively, and that guarantees the position of the device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) in relation to the elevator shaft, or rail -braking guide or rail (9) respectively.
    [0010]
    10. Elevator installation according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the back pressure roller (37) contains a speed measurement device (40), and a speed monitoring device uses a speed measurement device (40) to monitor the speed of movement, and, in the event of a speed limit being exceeded, you can activate the device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2).
    [0011]
    Elevator installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by the fact that, in the case of the movable body (3, 4) comes to a stop, the device for activating the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) can be triggered, and, in the case of an uncontrolled deviation away from the moving body (3, 4) from the stopped state, the device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) can activate the safety gear security (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g).
    [0012]
    Elevator installation according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the fact that the movable body (3, 4) is an elevator car (3), and the device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) is connected to an electronic safety device (41), which can determine a deviation from the movement speed from the reference speed, and which, when detecting an unallowed deviation, can trigger the device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2), and / or the movable body (3, 4) is a forklift (3), and the device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) is connected au monitoring device (42), which, in the event of the forklift stalling (3), is activated to detect a possible unexpected deviation from the forklift moving away (3) from stalling, and which, when detecting the unexpected deviation, you can trigger the device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2 ), and / or the additional movable body (3, 4), or the movable body (3, 4) respectively, is a counterweight, and the device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) contains a The speed monitoring device according to claim 10, or the device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) is triggered by means of a conductive signal from a moving cable or suspension cable (8), or the device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) is triggered by means of a wireless connection.
    [0013]
    Elevator installation according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the fact that the movable body (3, 4) is an elevator car (3), and the device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2) is connected to an electronic safety device (41), which can determine a deviation from the movement speed from the reference speed, and which, with the detection of the non-permissible deviation, can trigger the device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2), and / or the movable body (3, 4) is a lift truck, and the device for activating the safety device (18, 18.1, 18.2) is connected to a monitoring device (42), which, in the event of a forklift stop (3), is activated to detect a possible unexpected deviation of the forklift (3) from stoppage, and which, when detecting the unexpected deviation , you can trigger the device to activate the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2), and if ning that the additional movable body (3, 4), or the movable body respectively, is a counterweight (4), and said counterweight (4) contains a safety gear (11, 11g) and a loose cable trigger (38 ) to activate the safety gear.
    [0014]
    Elevator installation according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the loose cable trigger (38) is incorporated with a cocking retarder (39).
    [0015]
    15. Method for driving a safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g) in an elevator installation by means of a device for driving the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2), characterized by the fact that the device for driving the safety gear contains at least one coupling body (20) with a curved surface of the coupler (21), the coupling body (20) is pivotally arranged on a pivot axis (22) within the device for actuation the safety gear (18, 18.1, 18.2), and, if necessary, the coupling body (20) can be pressed against the elevator shaft, preferably against the guide rail or brake rail (9), and the activation of the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g) is carried out by the relative movement between the pressed coupling body (20) and the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g), the method comprising the steps, press the coupling body (20) against the elevator, preferably against the guide rail or braking rail; rotate the coupling body (20) on the rotating shaft (22); and, through the relative movement between the pressed coupling body (20) and the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g), activate the safety gear (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11g).
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    同族专利:
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    HK1185332A1|2014-02-14|
    AU2011344431B2|2017-05-11|
    ZA201304618B|2014-09-25|
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    US20120152663A1|2012-06-21|
    ES2558005T3|2016-02-01|
    AU2011344431A1|2013-05-30|
    US20150251878A1|2015-09-10|
    SG191037A1|2013-07-31|
    CA2819149A1|2012-06-21|
    CN103261075B|2015-12-02|
    CN103261075A|2013-08-21|
    KR101922268B1|2018-11-26|
    NZ610682A|2015-06-26|
    US9169104B2|2015-10-27|
    MY167018A|2018-07-31|
    EP2651809A1|2013-10-23|
    KR20140042771A|2014-04-07|
    RU2013130304A|2015-01-27|
    CA2819149C|2019-02-12|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-26| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-10-20| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-01-05| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-09| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 09/12/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP10195791|2010-12-17|
    EP10195791.8|2010-12-17|
    PCT/EP2011/072275|WO2012080104A1|2010-12-17|2011-12-09|Actuation of an intercepting apparatus|
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